hanington



No. 6|8.505`. Patented lan. 3|, |899. C. F. HANINGTON. 000B CHECK.

(Appliclton filed EN'. 26,v 1898.) (No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet l.

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m2126656: f" "5"/ w No. 6|8,505. Patentedjan. 3|, |899.

C. F. HANINGTDN.

DOOR CHECK.

(Application mea nu. so. 189s.)

(No Model.)

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c i UNrTnn STATES PATENT rrrcn.

CHAELES F. HANINGTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH HUGHES, OFSAME PLACE.

DOOR-CHECK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,505, dated January31, 1899.

V Application led Merch 26, 1898. Serial No. 675,253. (No modeli) To @ZZwhom, t may concern.-

' Be it known that I, CHARLES F. HANINGTON, acitizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in MechanicalDoor-Checks, of which the following' is a specication.

My invention relates to various new and useful improvements indoor-checks of the type wherein the checking effect is produced solelyby mechanical means as distinguished from devices employing liquid orpneumatic cylinders.

The essential object of my invention is to produce a door-check whichwill be contained entirely within the barrel of the hinge,where by Isecu re a neater, more compact, and more durable device than hasheretofore been obtained and at the same time effectively protect theparts from dust and dirt.

My improved door-check is absolutely certain in its operation, serving,as is common, to arrest the movement of the door when near the closedposition,irrespective of high velocities with which the door may bemoved, and

` the checking action being always of an elastic character, so that theparts comprising the check or hinge are in no way strained.

My improved door-check, however, possesses an additional advantage,which, so far as I know,is entirely novel-namely,that when the door isclosing very slowly, as when being moved slowly by hand, it will not bechecked, but can be moved directly toward its closed position.

Broadly stated, my invention comprises a spring which is stationary withthe pintle and a second spring having movement coincident with themovable leaf, combined with means by which the springs upon the closingof the door will engage together at the proper moment to elasticallycheck the door, but which when the door has rebounded to a limited eX-tent will allow the springs to be moved out of their normal planes, soas to clear each other and allow the door to be closed, it beingunderstood that either the hinge havingthe to the present invention, thedoor is arranged to have a tendency to close.

In what I consider the best type of my invention I mount within theextreme lower portion of the hinge-barrel surrounding the pintle acollar having a recess therein, one side of which is formed at an angleto oonstitute a cam, a small finger-piece projecting through a slot inthe barrel being used for partially rotating said collar. Carried abovethis collar with the hinge-barrel will be a second collar, having aprojection at its lower end which normally engages the recess in thebottom collar7 so that the bottom faces of the two collars will benormally in engagement. The second collar referred to will be securedagainst movement concentric with the barrel, but Will be free to movelaterally with respect to the same in any suitable way, as by means of apin engaging a slot inthe collar. Mounted above the second collar andrigidly secured to the pintle will kbe a split collar, the bottom faceof which will be separated from the upper face of the second collar fora distance at least equal to the depth of the lug on the bottom face ofthe second collar, as will be explained. Mounted upon the pintle andcapable of lateral movement thereon is a Y sleeve having an integral armwhich bears between the two adjacent faces of the split collar andcarrying at its lower end a frictionroller which is capable of engaginga recess in the upper face of the second collar to allow the sleevereferred to to be moved downwardly into engagement with the upper faceof the split collar orwith a suitable buffer carried by said upper face.The sleeve referred to will carry a vertically-arran ged leaf-spring,which will be very firmly supported in a channel out in the sleeve, butfree to yield slightly at its upper end. A spiral spring surrounding thepintle will tend to normally depress the sleeve. Carried Within andrigidly secured to the barrel at its upper part will be a second sleeve,carrying a downwardly-extending vertically-arranged leaf-spring, thelower end of which will occupy a plane below the upper end of thefirst-mentioned spring, so that the two springs may engage together tocheck the door with an elastic effect. The

friction between the two springs referred to produced by the momentum ofthe door may be utilized to keep the springs in engagement, or the twosprings may be provided with small overlapping lugs which engagetogether, but which will be disengaged when the door slightly reboundsto allow the first-mentioned sleeve to move downwardly and thereby carrythegsprings out of coincident planes, so that the door may close, theprojection on the firstmentioned sleeve entering the recess on thesecond collar referred to. In order to maintain the engaging or checkingsprings in their normal planes until they are almost in contact witheach other, I employ a spring trip or head normally engaging a shoulder,but being moved out of engagement therewith when the checking actionrequires to take place.

My invention in its preferred form will be more clearly understood froma reference to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improvedhinge, the barrel being shown in section and illustrating thechecking-sprin gs out of engagement; Fig. 2, afront elevation of thehinge, showing the checking-springsin engagement; Fig. 3, a similar viewshowing the checking-springs out of engagement to allow for the closingof the door; Fig. 4, a section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, asection on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6, a section on the line 6 6 ofFig. 3, and Fig. 7 a vertical sectional view illustrating thechecking-springs out of action.

In all of the above views corresponding parts are represented by thesame numerals of reference.

.1 represents the stationary leaf, secured to the frame of the door andcarrying arms 2 2, which are secured to the pintle 3 by means of pins 4in the usual way.

5 is the movable leaf, carried by the door and connected to thehinge-barrel G. Mounted within the barrel 6 at its lower end andsurrounding the pintle 3 is a collar 7, having a recess 8 therein. Theforward end 9 of said recess is inclined, as shown, to form acamsurface. The collar 7 may be moved with respect to the barrel 6 bymeans of the pin 10, working in a slot l1, formed in the barrel.

2 is a collar surrounding the pintle 3 and located immediately above thecollar 7. The collar 12 is rotated with the barrel, but may be movedvertically with respect to the same by a screw 13, working in a slot 14.The collar 12 carries on its lower surface a lug 15, which normallyrests upon the upper face of the collar 7, but which will enter therecess 8 in said collar,when the latter is partially rotated upon thepintle, by moving the pin 10 in the slot 11, as will be understood. Byreversing the movementof said pin the collar 7 will move with respect tothe collar .12, causing the latter to be elevated, for which purpose theforward face of the lug 15 is inclined to correspond with the surface 9of the recess S. A split collar 16 is mounted above the collar 12 and ispinned to the pintle, so as to be held stationary therewith. When thelug 15 is in engagement with the upper surface of the collar 7 ,theupper surface of the collar 12 may be and preferably is in engagementwith the lower surface of the4 split collar 16.

17 is a sleeve mounted on the pintle and carrying an integral projection18 at its lower end, working between the two portions of the splitcollar 16, as shown, so that the sleeve 17` will be held stationary withthe pintle, but will be free to move vertically thereon.

The collar 12 is provided with a recess 19, the rear end of whichconstitutes a cam 20, said recess being so located that when the leaveshave been moved together to almost close the door the said recess willbe in a line immediately beneath the projection 18 to allow the saidprojection to enter said recess when the trip, to be explained, hasoperated.

In order that the return movement of the collar 12 with the hinge-barrelmay elevate the sleeve 17, the rear face of the projection 1S is cutaway at 2l to engage the cam 20, and to reduce friction between theseparts I prefer to carry upon the lower end of said projection anantifriction-roller 22. The sleeve 17 is provided with a vertical keywayor slot 23 therein, in which is mountedaheavy leafspring 24, there beingsufcient play in the upper part of the slot 23 to allow for thenecessarily slight yielding of said spring. The barrel 6 carries withinits upper end a sleeve 25, secured to said barrel in any suitable way bymeans of a screw 26. The sleeve 25 is provided with a vertical slot, inwhich is secured a second heavy leaf-spring 27, projecting below thelower face of said sleeve and with its lower end normally extending in aplane below the upper end of the spring 24, so that these springs mayengage each other to check the door when desired. The sleeve 17 has anormal tendency to move downward, as by its weight or by a spiral spring28, surrounding the pintle and mounted between the two sleeves 17 and25. In order to keep the sleeve 17 normally elevated until an instantbefore the springs 24 and 27 are in engagement and to thereby preventthe projection 18 from moving downward into the recess 19 of the collar12, any suitable tripping device may be employed.

In the drawings I have illustrated a convenient form of tripping devicewhich may be used in connection with my invention; but it will beunderstood that lnany other devices may be used for the purpose. liththe form of device shown the sleeve 25 is provided at its lower portionwith a reduced cylindrical section 29, on which is formed or to which issecured a circular shoulder 30, having a flat upper face and a roundedor inclined lower forward section 31, as shown more particularly in Fig.6.

32 is a spring-latch carried by the sleeve 17 and normally riding uponthe upper flat surface of the shoulder 30. This latch is pro- IOO IIO

cure absolute certainty of operation I prefer lto form each of saidsprings at its extreme end with a small shoulder or lug 34, so that thetwo lugs will engage together positively, but upon the rebound takingplace will be disengaged.

The operation of my improved check will be readily understood and is asfollows: With the parts shown in Fig. 1 the check is operative and thedoor is closing. Further movement of the leaf 5 rotates the collar 12 tocarry the recess 19 in line with the projection 18. This movement alsorotates the sleeve 25 and causes the spring 27 to approach the spring24. During this movement the-shoulder 30 is moving beneath the head ofthe latch 32; but the engagement of said latch with the shoulder willprevent the spring 28 from forcing the sleeve 17 downward. XVhen,however, the two springs 24 and 27 are almost in engagement with eachother, the shoulder 30 will be moved from beneath the head of the latch32, so that the sleeve 17 will tend to descend. An instant after thedisengagement of the latch from the shoulder the springs 24 and 27 willengage, and the friction between them or the actual interlocking of thelugs or heads 34 will prevent the sleeve 17 from being moved downward.24 and 27 will yield slightly to give to the checking action itsnecessarily elastic character. Upon the rebound taking place the leaf 5returns slightly to disengage the springs 24 and 27, whereupon thespring 28 will force the sleeve 17 downward, the lower end of theprojection 18 entering the recess 19, so as to carry the upper end ofthe spring 24 into a plane below that of the lower end of the spring 27.The door will then close by reason of the spring, Weight, or otherclosing motor. Vhen the door is opened, the leaf 5 will be moved in thereverse direction, partially rotating the collar 12 and causing the cam2O to engage with the forward end of and elevate the projection 18 ofthe sleeve 17. This movement elevates the latch 32, and its inclinedsurface 33, engaging the corresponding surface 3l of the shoulder 30,will move the head of the latch 32 outward until it snaps intoengagement with said shoulder, so that uponthe closing of the door thisengagement between the latch and shoulder will maintain the sleeve 17 inan elevated position until an instant before the checking-springs comeinto engagement.

The operations which have been explained assume that the velocity of theclosing move- In engaging7 the springs ment of the door is such that thesprings 24 and 27 are engaged together to check the door before thespring 28 has moved the sleeve 17 downward to clear the springs. Vthen,however, the closing of the door is effected very slowly, andparticularly when the heads or lugs 34 of the springs are not used,

the spring 28 will move the sleeve 17 downward to clear thechecking-springs before the said checking-springs engage each other, sothat there will be no checking action. It will therefore be understoodthat with my invention Ihave produced a mechanical dooroheck comprisingfew parts, all capable of being made with machine-tools at the lowestcost, of great durability, and all the operative parts being containedwithin the hinge-barrel, whereby a much neater device will be obtainedthan any heretofore made and by 4which also the operative parts will becompletely protected from dust, dirt, and moisture. It will also beunderstood that by my invention when the parts are properly constructedand the result is desired a checking action will not take place when thedoor is closed slowly. When it is desired to throw the checking deviceout of operation, the collar 7 will be moved by means of the pin 10within the barrel 6 to allow the recess 8 to be brought in line with thelug or projection 15, whereupon the collar 12 will be moved downward tothe position shown in Fig. 7. In this position it will be observed thatthe projection 18 will be located always above the recess 19 in thecollar 12, and the opening movements of the door will not result in theelevation of the sleeve 17 to put the checking device in operation. Itwill be understood that the collar 7 may be dispensed with when it isnot desired to throw the checking device out of action, in which casethe collar 12 will be rigidly secured to the hinge-barrel at the lowerpart thereof, as will be understood. In

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order to prevent noise in the operation, I may interpose an elasticbuffer 35 between the sleeve 17 and split collar 16, said buffer beingpreferably composed of a thinleather washer.

In some instances it may be desirable to provide means by whichexcessivevelocities of the door in closing may be overcome, and in Fig.3 I illustrate a device for accomplishing this end. A collar 36 issecured to the pintle Within the extreme upper end of the barrel and isprovided on its lower edge withLv the corrugations in the cam-surface,tend to give a slight checking action to the door to reduce the velocitythereof in closing. Manifestly the device which has been just describedmay be dispensed with, although in some instances and with heavyclosingsprings it may be of advantage to use it.

IVhile in order to secure the best result I prefer to employ twochecking-sprin gs 24 and 27, it is manifest that only a single springmay be used, a stationary checking element being employed in connectiontherewith in the same Way in which the other spring is employed-that isto say, instead of using the spring 24, carried by the sleeve 17, thesaid sleeve may be provided with an integral upwardly-projecting lugoccupying the same plane as the upperportion of the said spring andengaging the checking-spring 27 in the same Way. It will also be obviousthat instead of using a pair of checking-springs 24 and 27 which engagetogether, or by using a single one of said springs for engagement with astationary or a non-elastic lug, as eX- plained, it will be possible toprovide the sleeves 17 and 25 with non-elastic interfering lugs whichengage each other and to provide a checking spring or springs inconnectlon with either or both of said sleeves, so that when said lugscome into engagement immediately before the closing of the door one orboth of said sleeves will be moved slightly with respect to the pintleand against the effect of the checking-spring. I prefer, however, to usetwo checking-springs, since in that way the desired yielding effect maybe obtained by the employment of very heavy and durable springs.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

l. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, interfering projections carried by said sleevesentirely Within the hinge-barrel and normally maintained in interferingplanes, a tripping device for maintaining said projections in suchnormal planes and means for operating said tripping device immediatelybefore the engagement of said projections to release the same,substantially as set forth.

2. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, interfering springs carried by said sleeves andnormally maintained in interfering planes, and a tripping device formaintaining said springs in such normal planes and means for operatingsaid tripping device immediately before the engagement of said springsto release the same, substantially as set forth. y

3. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, two projections carried by said sleeves andarranged in normally-interfering planes, a shoulder carried by one ofsaid sleeves, and a spring-latch carried by the other of said sleevesfor engaging said shoulder, substantially as set forth.

4. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, two projections carried by said sleeves andarranged in normally-interfering planes, a shoulder carried by one ofsaid sleeves, a spring-latch carried by the other of said sleeves forengaging said shoulder, and means upon the opening of the door to engagesaid latch with said shoulder, substantially as set forth.

5. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, projections carried by said sleeves arranged innormally-interfering planes, and interlocking lugs or heads carried bysaid projections for engaging with each other before the door iscompletely closed so as to check the closing movement, and means formoving said interlocking lugs or heads out of engaging position aft-erthe door is closed and has rebounded to permit the nal closing of thedoor, substantially as set forth.

6. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, elastic projections carried by said sleevesarranged in normally interfering planes, and interlocking lugs or headscarried by said elastic projections for engaging with each other beforethe door is completely closed so as to check the closing movement, andmeans for moving said interlocking lugs or heads out of engagingposition after the door is closed and has rebounded to permit the iinalclosing of the door, substantially as set forth.

7. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, checking-springs carried by said sleeves andarranged in normally-interfering planes, a tripping device formaintaining the checking-sprin gs in their normal planes until the saidsprings upon the closing operation are almost in engagement with eachother, a projection carried by one of said sleeves, and a collar havinga recess with which the said projection engages for resetting thetripping device, substantially as set forth.

S. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, checking-springs carried by said sleeves andarranged in normally-interfering planes, a shoulder carried by one ofsaid sleeves, a spring-latch carried by the other of said sleeves forengaging said shoulder, a projection carried by one of said sleeves, anda collar having a cam-recess for engaging said projection, substantiallyas set forth.

9. A door-check consisting of a hingehaving in combination a stationaryand a movable sleeve, checking-springs carried by said sleeves andarranged in normally-interfering planes, a shoulder carried by one ofsaid sleeves, a spring-latch carried by the other of said sleeves forengaging said shoulder, a pro- IOO IIO

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j ection carried by one of said sleeves, a collar having a cam-recessfor engaging said projection, and a friction-roller on said projection,substantially as set forth.

l0. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination astationary and a movable sleeve7 checking-springs carried by saidsleeves and arranged in normally-interfering planes, a shoulder carriedby one of said sleeves, a spring-latch carried by the other of saidsleeves for engaging said shoulder, a projection carried by one of saidsleeves, a collar having a cam-recess for engaging said projection, andan elastic bnifer beneath the movable sleeve, substantially as setforth.

11. A door-check consisting of a hinge having in combination interferingprojections carried by the opposite parts of the hinge engaging Witheach other before the door is completely closed so as to check theclosing movement, means for moving said projections out of engagingposition after the door is checked to permit the final closing of thedoor, and a movable collar for adjusting said interfering projections,whereby they will be always maintained out of engagement when desired,substantially as set forth.

l2. The combination of the hinge, the check carried thereby, a collarhaving an inclined cam-surface provided with corrugations connected toone element of the hinge, and a spring-pressed bolt connected to theother element of 'the hinge and engaging said collar, substantially asset forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 24th day of March, 1898.

Y CHARLES F. HANINGTON. Witnesses:

FRANK L. DYER, S. O. EDMONDS.

